![\"Kutuplardaki](\"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/02\/kutup-12122008.jpg\" "\\"Kutuplardaki")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
B\u00fct\u00fcn memelilerin v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0131s\u0131 derecesi 35 – 38 derece aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. U\u00e7abilenlerde bu birka\u00e7 derece daha y\u00fcksektir, insan \u0131s\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok hassast\u0131r. Hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 30 derece olunca denize girer de, 5 derecede \u00fczerine palto giyer. Oysa hayvanlar\u0131n giysileri yoktur. K\u00f6pekler eksi 40 derecede kutuplarda k\u0131zak \u00e7eker, buzlu sularda bal\u0131klar \u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u00e7\u0131plak y\u00fczerler.<\/p>\n
Asl\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131dan etkilenmek sadece insana mahsus de\u011fildir. G\u00fcne\u015fin bulut arkas\u0131na girmesi ile havadaki iki derecelik \u0131s\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc u\u00e7an sine\u011fi zor y\u00fcr\u00fcr hale getirebilir. \u00d6\u011flen g\u00fcne\u015finde z\u0131p z\u0131p z\u0131playan \u00e7ekirge, sabah serinli\u011finde hareketleri a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131\u011fm-dan \u00e7ok rahat yakalanabilir.
\nKendi v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131s\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ya\u015fayabilmek i\u00e7in canl\u0131lar\u0131n iki silah\u0131 vard\u0131r. Biri v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlamalar\u0131, di\u011feri de k\u00fcrk denilen v\u00fccut \u00f6rt\u00fcleridir. Kutup b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan bir canl\u0131, tropik b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayana nazaran on kat daha fazla \u0131s\u0131 meydana getirmek veya v\u00fccut \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc on kat daha fazla koruyucu olmak zorundad\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n
\u00c7ok so\u011fuk iklimlerde ya\u015fayan hayvanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam nedenleri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken hep k\u00fcrkleri \u00fczerinde durulmu\u015ftur. Halbuki burada ya\u015fayan hayvanlar\u0131n k\u00fcrkleri ile \u0131l\u0131man b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan hemcinslerinin k\u00fcrkleri aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok ciddi bir fark yoktur. \u00dcstelik domuzlar hi\u00e7 k\u00fcrkleri olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen deri alt\u0131 ya\u011f tabakalar\u0131 sayesinde v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131lar\u0131ndan 20 derece daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u0131s\u0131 ortamlar\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 etkilenmezler.<\/p>\n
Zaten d\u00fcnyam\u0131zda \u00fczeri tamamen k\u00fcrkle kapl\u0131 hi\u00e7bir hayvan yoktur. \u00c7o\u011funun ayak ve burun gibi k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00f6revlerini yapabilmek i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131kta b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak buralarda v\u00fccuda s\u0131cak kan ileten atar damarlar k\u0131lcal damarlar vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile deriye daha yak\u0131n olan toplar damarlar\u0131 \u0131s\u0131t\u0131rlar. Bu sayede buzun \u00fcst\u00fcnde y\u00fcr\u00fcyen bu t\u00fcr hayvanlar\u0131n ayaklan \u00fc\u015f\u00fcmez. Ama bu da, hayvan\u0131n t\u00fcm v\u00fccudunun \u00fc\u015f\u00fcmeden bu so\u011fuk ortamda nas\u0131l ya\u015fayabildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayamaz.<\/p>\n
Kutuplarda, buzlu sularda ya\u015fayan bal\u0131klar\u0131n, s\u0131f\u0131r ve s\u0131f\u0131r alt\u0131 derecedeki ortamda donmamalar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131rr\u0131n\u0131n, bu bal\u0131klar\u0131n derilerindeki buz kristallerinin donma derecesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren bir protein oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015f, hatta genetik m\u00fchendisleri laboratuar ortam\u0131nda bu proteini \u00fcreten geni yaratmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bilim insanlar\u0131 bu \u00f6rnekten yararlanarak, meyve a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 dondan, u\u00e7ak kanatlar\u0131n\u0131 ve yollar\u0131 buzdan kurtarabileceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcler ama hen\u00fcz geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 \u00fcretimi zor g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, s\u0131cak kanl\u0131 hayvanlar\u0131n kendilerini \u00e7ok so\u011fuk ortama nas\u0131l adapte ettiklerinin s\u0131rr\u0131 hala tam \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f de\u011fil.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\n
B\u00fct\u00fcn memelilerin v\u00fccutlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0131s\u0131 derecesi 35 – 38 derece aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. U\u00e7abilenlerde bu birka\u00e7 derece daha y\u00fcksektir, insan \u0131s\u0131ya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok hassast\u0131r. Hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 30 derece olunca denize girer de, 5 derecede \u00fczerine palto giyer. Oysa hayvanlar\u0131n giysileri yoktur. K\u00f6pekler eksi 40 derecede kutuplarda k\u0131zak \u00e7eker, buzlu sularda bal\u0131klar \u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u00e7\u0131plak y\u00fczerler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gundem","odd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4228"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4228\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}