{"id":22854,"date":"2010-05-19T11:10:28","date_gmt":"2010-05-19T08:10:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/?p=22854"},"modified":"2010-05-19T11:10:28","modified_gmt":"2010-05-19T08:10:28","slug":"basbakan-bu-mahkemeyi-neden-sevmiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/?p=22854","title":{"rendered":"Ba\u015fbakan Bu Mahkemeyi Neden Sevmiyor?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakan Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n, Yunanistan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tozuyla kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f t\u00f6reninde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada, 111 milletvekilinin Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi konusunda a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davay\u0131 kastederek, \u201cAnayasa Mahkemesi, Ana Muhalefet Mahkemesi oldu\u201d dedi\u011fine gazetelerde yer verildi. Yine bir AKP yetkilisi, daha \u00f6nce de, \u201cAnayasa Mahkemesi CHP\u2019nin arka bah\u00e7esi oldu\u201d demi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00f6ylemler, Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin evrensel ve \u00fclkemiz y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00f6neminin, kavranmamas\u0131ndan demeyece\u011fim ama benimsenmemesinden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130stenilmektedir ki, Anayasa Mahkemesi, a\u00e7\u0131lan t\u00fcm davalarda, \u201cbu milli iradenin tek temsilcisi (!) olan Meclis\u2019in \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasad\u0131r, iptal etmek ne haddimize\u201d desin. O zaman Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019ne ne gerek oldu\u011fu sorusuna yan\u0131t vermeleri gerekir. Oysa, Anayasa Mahkemesi, tam da yasaman\u0131n anayasal s\u0131n\u0131rlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

NEDEN GEREK G\u00d6R\u00dcLD\u00dc<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin \u00f6nemini anlatabilmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nce tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7inde anayasa mahkemelerine neden gerek g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamak gerekir. Parlamentolar\u0131 denetleme yetkisinin anayasa mahkemelerine verilmesi ve bu ama\u00e7la y\u00fcksek mahkemelerin kurulmas\u0131, 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yeni bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncedir.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na kadar demokrasi \u201c\u00e7o\u011funluk iktidar\u0131\u201d olarak anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve b\u00f6yle uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sava\u015f\u2019a neden olanlar\u0131n, se\u00e7imle i\u015fba\u015f\u0131na geldikten sonra demokrasiyi nas\u0131l ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya ac\u0131 bi\u00e7imde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sava\u015ftan sonra buna \u00e7are aranm\u0131\u015f, demokrasinin yaln\u0131z se\u00e7imden ibaret olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fczen kurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7aba g\u00f6sterilmi\u015f, \u201cdemokrasiyi yok etme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olamaz\u201d ilkesi ve bilinci t\u00fcm uluslararas\u0131 belgelerde yerini alm\u0131\u015f, demokrasinin korunabilmesi i\u00e7in erkler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hukuk devleti gibi ilkeler kabul edilmi\u015f, bu ilkelerin ya\u015fama ge\u00e7irilebilmesi i\u00e7in de anayasa mahkemeleri kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Erkler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesi, egemenli\u011fi ulus ad\u0131na kullanmak \u00fczere \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00fc\u00e7 erkin, yasama, y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve yarg\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fitli\u011fi ve i\u015fb\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7inde i\u015fbirli\u011fi esas\u0131na dayan\u0131r. Erkler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesi, ayn\u0131 zamanda, yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctmeden olu\u015fan iktidar g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn, \u00e7o\u011funluk diktat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ferek demokrasiye zarar vermemesi i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p denetlenmesi ve bu yolla dengelenmesi esas\u0131n\u0131 temel al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bunu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in hukuk devleti kavram\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Hukuk devleti, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131y\u0131p koruyan, kamunun t\u00fcm eylem ve i\u015flemlerini yarg\u0131 s\u00fczgecinden ge\u00e7iren d\u00fczeni anlatmaktad\u0131r. Yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu iktidar g\u00fcc\u00fc b\u00f6ylece, yarg\u0131 erkiyle s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p denetime al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve dengelenmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u015fte anayasa mahkemeleri bu denetim ve denge organlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

DEMOKRAS\u0130DE \u0130KT\u0130DAR G\u00dcC\u00dc SINIRLANDIRILIR<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0131saca belirtmek gerekir ki, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f demokrasi anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda anayasa mahkemeleri, demokrasiyi s\u00fcrekli k\u0131labilmek i\u00e7in iktidar g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla kurulmu\u015flard\u0131r. Bu ba\u011flamda belirtmek gerekir ki, anayasa mahkemesinin yasama ve yarg\u0131dan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmas\u0131, demokrasi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ya\u015famsal \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemiz y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bakarsak, d\u00fcnyadaki geli\u015fmelere ko\u015fut olarak Anayasam\u0131zda, erkler ayr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hukuk devleti ilkelerine dayal\u0131 parlamenter sistemin kabul edildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. Yasama ve y\u00fcr\u00fctmeyi ele ge\u00e7iren tek parti y\u00f6netiminin \u201cdespotizme\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, Anayasa Koyucu Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019ni kurmu\u015f ve yasama i\u015flemlerinin denetimini Y\u00fcksek Mahkemeye vererek, iktidar g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

MAHKEMEN\u0130N \u0130\u015eLEVLER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anayasam\u0131za g\u00f6re Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin d\u00f6rt \u00f6nemli i\u015flevi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

– Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikliklerinin ve yasalar\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya uygunluklar\u0131n\u0131 denetleyerek, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin kurulu\u015f felsefesine uygun bi\u00e7imde olu\u015fturulan anayasal d\u00fczeni korumak,<\/p>\n

– Bu d\u00fczene uygun d\u00fc\u015fmeyen siyasal partilerin kapat\u0131lmalar\u0131na karar vererek, d\u00fczenin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini engellemek,<\/p>\n

– Anayasa\u2019ya uygunluk denetim g\u00f6revi nedeniyle, anayasal kurallar\u0131 resmen yorumlay\u0131p, bu kurallara ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7erik kazand\u0131rmak,<\/p>\n

– Y\u00fcce Divan olarak, Ba\u015fbakan ve bakanlar ile \u00fcst d\u00fczey Devlet g\u00f6revlilerini, g\u00f6revlerine ili\u015fkin su\u00e7tan yarg\u0131lamak.<\/p>\n

Bilindi\u011fi gibi, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f demokrasilerde anayasalar, kurucu iradenin temel felsefesini yans\u0131tan ilkeler i\u00e7erir. Bu ilkelerle olu\u015fturulan devlet d\u00fczeni, ba\u015fta yasamaya ve yasamadaki \u00e7o\u011funluk bask\u0131s\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm g\u00fc\u00e7lere kar\u015f\u0131 korumaya al\u0131n\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in de gerekli kural ve kurumlar anayasaya konulur. De\u011fi\u015ftirilemez ilkeler, hukukun \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin kurulmas\u0131 ve anayasal d\u00fczenin koruma g\u00f6revinin bu Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme\u2019ye verilmesi, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n ve Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, hep bu ba\u011flamda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmesi gereken d\u00fczenlemelerdir.<\/p>\n

NEDEN MUHALEFET<\/strong><\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin \u00f6nemini b\u00f6ylece ortaya koyduktan sonra, geliyorum Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin neden muhalefetten yana g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamaya. Anayasam\u0131za g\u00f6re (m.148), Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019ne do\u011frudan dava a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019na, iktidar partisi ve ana muhalefet partilerinin Meclis gruplar\u0131na ve en az 110 milletvekiline verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ktidar partisinin kendi \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fuyla \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasa i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7mas\u0131 makul olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na; bu d\u00f6nemde Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019ndan b\u00f6yle bir giri\u015fim beklenmeyece\u011fine, parti disiplini nedeniyle milletvekillerinin de dava a\u00e7mas\u0131 olanaks\u0131z bulundu\u011funa g\u00f6re, geriye ana muhalefet partisi kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Demek ki, iptal davalar\u0131n\u0131n ana muhalefet parti grubunca a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015fin do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fidir. Bu nedenle, her d\u00f6nemde Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nin iptal kararlar\u0131 iktidarlar taraf\u0131ndan ele\u015ftirilir. Ancak, do\u011frudan Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme\u2019nin su\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131na ilk kez tan\u0131k olunmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcndemde Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, buna \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi, a\u00e7\u0131lan dava \u00fczerine ya istemi reddetmekte ya da kural\u0131 iptal etmektedir. E\u011fer Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme iptal karar\u0131 verdi\u011finde \u201cAna Muhalefet Mahkemesi\u201d olarak su\u00e7lanacaksa; istemi reddetti\u011finde de \u201c\u0130ktidar Mahkemesi\u201d olarak su\u00e7lanmas\u0131 gerekir ki, bunun tutarl\u0131 bir yan\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemde sorun, anayasal rejimle kavgal\u0131 olan, anayasal s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 tan\u0131mayan, bu nedenle yo\u011fun bi\u00e7imde Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 yasa \u00e7\u0131karmakta direnen iktidardan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6yle olunca da, Meclis\u2019te meram\u0131n\u0131 anlatamayan muhalefete, Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019ne ba\u015fvurmaktan ba\u015fka yol kalmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesi rejimin hukuksal s\u00fcbap\u0131d\u0131r. \u201cAna muhalefet dava a\u00e7mas\u0131n, Anayasa Mahkemesi yasalar\u0131 iptal etmesin\u201d demek, demokrasilerin yarg\u0131 erkine y\u00fckledi\u011fi denetim ve denge g\u00f6revini yok saymak demektir.<\/p>\n

B\u00fclent Serim<\/em><\/p>\n

Anayasa Mehkemesi Eski Genel Sekreteri <\/em><\/p>\n

Odatv.com<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n

Ba\u015fbakan Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n, Yunanistan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tozuyla kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f t\u00f6reninde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmada, 111 milletvekilinin Anayasa de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi konusunda a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davay\u0131 kastederek, \u201cAnayasa Mahkemesi, Ana Muhalefet Mahkemesi oldu\u201d dedi\u011fine gazetelerde yer verildi. Yine bir AKP yetkilisi, daha \u00f6nce de, \u201cAnayasa Mahkemesi CHP\u2019nin arka bah\u00e7esi oldu\u201d demi\u015fti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kose-yazilari","odd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22854"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22854\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}