{"id":16189,"date":"2009-10-29T09:12:41","date_gmt":"2009-10-29T07:12:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/?p=16189"},"modified":"2009-10-29T09:12:41","modified_gmt":"2009-10-29T07:12:41","slug":"cumhuriyetin-86nci-yili-coskusu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/?p=16189","title":{"rendered":"Cumhuriyet'in 86'nc\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131 co\u015fkusu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ulu \u00d6nder Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn T\u00fcrk ulusuna arma\u011fan etti\u011fi T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin 86’nc\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6renlerle kutlanacak.<\/p>\n

30 Ekim 1918’de Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan yenik \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f \u0130mparatorluk, Mondros M\u00fctarekesi’ni imzalad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir ulusu tarih sahnesinde yeniden var eden Milli Kahraman, 31 Ekim g\u00fcn\u00fc Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Ordular\u0131 Grup Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6reviyle karargah\u0131n bulundu\u011fu Adana’ya geldi. <\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal, memleketin durumuna \u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcyor, bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu ar\u0131yordu. 10 Kas\u0131m 1918’de g\u00f6revinden ayr\u0131lan Mustafa Kemal, Adana’dan trenle \u0130stanbul’a hareket etti.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015fman, yurdun d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgal ediyordu. T\u00fcrk milleti i\u00e7in ac\u0131 dolu g\u00fcnler ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 13 Kas\u0131m’da \u0130ngiliz, Frans\u0131z, \u0130talyan ve Yunan gemilerinden olu\u015fan \u0130tilaf Ordusu, \u0130stanbul’a gelerek karaya kuvvet \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

9 Kas\u0131m 1918’de \u0130ngilizler \u0130skenderun’u, 12 Kas\u0131m 1918’de Frans\u0131zlar \u0130stanbul’u, 6 Aral\u0131k’ta \u0130ngilizler Kilis’i, 7 Aral\u0131k’ta Frans\u0131zlar Antakya’y\u0131 i\u015fgal etti, ard\u0131ndan Mersin’e \u00e7\u0131karma yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

23 Aral\u0131k’ta Islahiye, Osmaniye, Bah\u00e7e, Hassa, Mamure’yi d\u00fc\u015fman \u00e7izmesi \u00e7i\u011fnedi. 1 Ocak 1919’da \u0130ngiliz askerleri Antep’e girdi,<\/p>\n

12 Ocak’ta Ermeni ama\u00e7lar\u0131na hizmet etmek i\u00e7in Kars’a yerle\u015fti. 1 \u015eubat’ta Ayd\u0131n demiryolu, \u0130ngiliz ve Frans\u0131z i\u015fgaline u\u011frad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Takvim 22 \u015eubat 1919’u g\u00f6sterirken Mara\u015f \u0130ngilizlerin, 8 Mart’ta Zonguldak Frans\u0131zlar\u0131n, 9 Mart’ta Samsun, 24 Martta Urfa \u0130ngilizlerin, 28 Mart’ta Antalya \u0130talyanlar\u0131n i\u015fgali alt\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

16 Nisan 1919’da Frans\u0131zlar, Afyonkarahisar istasyonunu i\u015fgal alt\u0131na al\u0131rken, 20 Nisan 1919’da da G\u00fcrc\u00fc ordusu, Milli \u015eura kuvvetlerini bozarak Ardahan’a girdi.<\/p>\n

Milli m\u00fccadeleye davet <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130tilaf devletleri temsilcileri Paris’te topland\u0131. Yunanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u0130zmir’i i\u015fgali konusunda karar al\u0131nd\u0131 ve 15 May\u0131s’ta, g\u00fczel \u0130zmir, Yunan \u00e7izmesi alt\u0131nda ezilmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal, maiyetiyle 16 May\u0131s 1919’da Band\u0131rma Vapuru ile \u0130stanbul’dan ayr\u0131ld\u0131 ve ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130nebolu’ya, 18 May\u0131s’ta Sinop’a vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

19 May\u0131s 1919 tarihi, T\u00fcrk ulusu i\u00e7in bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 oldu; Mustafa Kemal Samsun’a \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tarih\u00e7iler, o g\u00fcn\u00fc “d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ulusal m\u00fccadelelerinden birinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131” kabul etti.<\/p>\n

Art\u0131k geriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yoktu… Gen\u00e7 Mustafa Kemal, Samsun’dan Havza’ya geldi. \u0130\u015fgaller devam ediyordu. Yunanlar, 26 May\u0131s’ta Manisa’ya, 27 May\u0131s’ta Ayd\u0131n’a girdi.<\/p>\n

Damat Ferit Pa\u015fa, 17 Haziran’da Paris Bar\u0131\u015f Konferans\u0131’na, Osmanl\u0131 Devleti’nin bar\u0131\u015f isteklerini bildiren muht\u0131ra g\u00f6nderirken, \u00f6b\u00fcr taraftan Mustafa Kemal, bundan d\u00f6rt g\u00fcn sonra \u0130stanbul’da bulunan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f kimselere Amasya’dan mektup g\u00f6ndererek, milli m\u00fccadeleye davet ediyordu.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, ulusu kurtarmak i\u00e7in d\u00f6rt koldan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 21 Haziran’da Amasya Tamimi’ni yaveri Cevat Abbas’a dikte ettirdi.<\/p>\n

Ertesi sabah, Anadolu’daki m\u00fclki ve askeri makamlara tamim, \u015fu tarihi s\u00f6zlerle ula\u015ft\u0131: “Vatan\u0131n tamamiyeti, milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tehlikededir. Milletin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yine milletin azmi ve karar\u0131 kurtaracakt\u0131r. Sivas’ta milli bir kongrenin acele toplanmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r”…<\/p>\n

Bu arada, Mustafa Kemal’in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 engellemek isteyenler de bo\u015f durmuyordu. Posta ve Telgraf Umum M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Refik Halit, 24 Haziran’da telgrafhanelere “Mustafa Kemal’in azledildi\u011fini, bu sebeple telgraflar\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmemesini bildiren” bir \u015fifre g\u00f6nderdi.<\/p>\n

Harbiye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Ali Ferit Pa\u015fa, 5 Temmuz’da Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’y\u0131 padi\u015fah ad\u0131na \u0130stanbul’a \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal, Harbiye Naz\u0131r\u0131’na \u015fu yan\u0131t\u0131 verdi: “Vilayet-i \u015earkiye ahalisi aras\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p gelmek hususundaki y\u00fcksek tekliflerinizi yerine getirmede \u015fahsi irademi kullanmaktan manen ve maddeten memnu bulunuyorum.”<\/p>\n

Ard\u0131ndan, 14 Temmuz’da ordudan istifa ederek, Erzurum M\u00fcdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyeti’nin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

“Ya \u0130stiklal Ya \u00d6l\u00fcm” <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Milli m\u00fccadele hareketinin d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131ndan olan Erzurum Kongresi, 23 Temmuz 1919’da topland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, 9 A\u011fustos’ta askerlik mesle\u011finden ihra\u00e7 edildi.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal’in r\u00fctbesinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, ni\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n da geri al\u0131nmas\u0131na karar verildi.<\/p>\n

Erzurum Kongresi ad\u0131na ilan edilen beyanname, 10 A\u011fustos’ta Erzurum’da T\u00fcrk Bas\u0131mevinde \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131larak, binlerce n\u00fcsha halinde t\u00fcm yurda g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, Erzurum’da arkada\u015flar\u0131na “\u0130stanbul, bir Amerikan mandas\u0131d\u0131r tutturmu\u015f gidiyor. Bu olmayacakt\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye istiklal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne sahip olacakt\u0131r. Hay\u0131r pa\u015falar hay\u0131r, hay\u0131r beyefendiler… Manda yok, ya istiklal ya \u00f6l\u00fcm var” diyordu.<\/p>\n

Erzurum Kongresi’nin ard\u0131ndan, 4 Eyl\u00fcl’de a\u00e7\u0131lan Sivas Kongresi, 11 Eyl\u00fcl’de son buldu.<\/p>\n

10 maddelik Umumi Kongre Beyannamesi yay\u0131mland\u0131. Milli m\u00fccadele t\u00fcm h\u0131z\u0131yla s\u00fcrerken, Osmanl\u0131 padi\u015fah\u0131 ad\u0131na Damat Ferit ile \u0130ngiltere temsilcisi aras\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz mandas\u0131n\u0131n kabul edildi\u011fine ili\u015fkin gizli bir anla\u015fma imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015fman i\u015fgali s\u00fcrerken, 30 Ekim’de Urfa’ya giren Frans\u0131zlar, hi\u00e7 beklemedikleri tepkiler al\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

31 Ekim 1919’da Mara\u015f’ta, Frans\u0131z askeri \u00fcniformas\u0131 giymi\u015f baz\u0131 Ermeniler ta\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Tarihin “S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc \u0130mam” diye yazaca\u011f\u0131, Uzunoluk Camisi M\u00fcezzini Hac\u0131 \u0130mam, duruma dayanamad\u0131 ve silah\u0131na sar\u0131ld\u0131. B\u00f6ylece y\u00f6redeki direni\u015f hareketi ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

27 Aral\u0131k 1919’da Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, Heyet-i Temsiliye \u00fcyeleriyle Ankara’ya geldi. 29 Aral\u0131k’ta Mustafa Kemal hakk\u0131ndaki askerlikten \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lma ve madalyalar\u0131n\u0131n geri al\u0131nma karar\u0131 Meclis-i V\u00fckela taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczeltildi.<\/p>\n

Kendisinin istifa etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu ve madalyalar\u0131n\u0131n iadesi karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131. Milli m\u00fccadele t\u00fcm h\u0131z\u0131yla s\u00fcrerken, takvim \u015f\u00f6yle ak\u0131yordu: Erzurum’da Mustafa Kemal’in Erzurum Mebusu se\u00e7ildi\u011fine dair mazbata d\u00fczenlenirken, 12 Ocak 1920 tarihinde \u0130stanbul’da son Osmanl\u0131 Meclis-i Mebusan’\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul i\u015fgal alt\u0131nda <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

16 Mart 1920’de saat 10.00’dan itibaren \u0130stanbul’un askeri i\u015fgal alt\u0131na al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131na dair \u0130tilaf Devletleri ad\u0131na \u0130ngiltere, Fransa ve \u0130talya Y\u00fcksek Komiserleri’nin m\u00fc\u015ftereken imzalad\u0131klar\u0131 nota, Sadrazam Salih Pa\u015fa’ya tebli\u011f edildi. \u0130stanbul, art\u0131k i\u015fgal alt\u0131ndayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Manast\u0131rl\u0131 Hamdi Efendi ad\u0131ndaki kahraman bir telgraf memuru, i\u015fgali Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’ya iletti. 6 Nisan 1920’de ulusal m\u00fccadeleyi t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya duyuran Anadolu Ajans\u0131 kuruldu.<\/p>\n

21 Nisan 1920’de de Mustafa Kemal, vilayetlere Meclis’in 23 Nisan 1920 g\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. 23 Nisan 1920’de Millet Meclisinin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, ertesi g\u00fcn\u00fc Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, Meclis Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n

9 May\u0131s 1920… Meclis ad\u0131na Mustafa Kemal imzas\u0131yla Anadolu Ajans\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u0130slam alemine \u015fu beyanname iletildi: “Orduyu terhis etmek, k\u00f6yl\u00fclere Kuvay-\u0131 Milliye’yi asi tan\u0131tmak, milleti kendisine \u015feref veren, en asil ve civanmert evlad\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphe ve teredd\u00fcte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek, sulhu haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in \u0130ngiliz emri alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan vatans\u0131zlar\u0131n ilk i\u015fi oldu”.<\/p>\n

11 May\u0131s 1920 tarihinde Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, \u0130stanbul’da Divan-\u0131 Harb taraf\u0131ndan idama mahkum edildi. TBMM H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile Frans\u0131z h\u00fck\u00fcmeti aras\u0131nda imzalanan 20 g\u00fcnl\u00fck ate\u015fkes anla\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken, 10 A\u011fustos 1920’de \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile \u0130tilaf Devletleri aras\u0131nda Sevr Anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu arada, Ermeniler ile G\u00fcmr\u00fc Anla\u015fmas\u0131’na da imza koyuldu.<\/p>\n

Ve zafer… <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ulusun topraklar\u0131n\u0131 savunma m\u00fccadelesi, 10 Ocak 1920’de \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc mevzilerinde Yunanlarla \u015fiddetli \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 1. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Zaferi’nin kazan\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

20 Ocak 1920’de ilk Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Esasiye Kanunu kabul edilirken, 5 \u015eubatta TBMM’nin gizli oturumunda Londra Konferans\u0131’na Ankara H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ad\u0131na heyet g\u00f6nderilmesi ve heyetin Meclis \u00fcyelerinden olu\u015fmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

6 \u015eubatta Bekir Sami Bey ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki heyet, Ankara’dan hareket etti ve 21 \u015eubatta ba\u015flayan konferans, 12 Martta sona erdi. TBMM H\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile Rusya aras\u0131nda 16 Martta Moskova Anla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Masa \u00fczerindeki zaferleri, meydanlardaki zaferler izliyordu. 1 Nisanda 2. \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc Zaferi kazan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal’i geni\u015f yetkilerle ve 3 ay s\u00fcreyle Ba\u015fkumandanl\u0131k tevcih eden kanun, 5 A\u011fustosta TBMM’de kabul edilirken, 23 A\u011fustos 1920 g\u00fcn\u00fc Yunan ordusu taarruza ge\u00e7ti ve Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcnlerden 26 A\u011fustos… Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n emri geldi: “Hatt-\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa yoktur, sath-\u0131 m\u00fcdafaa vard\u0131r. O sat\u0131h b\u00fct\u00fcn vatand\u0131r. Vatan\u0131n her kar\u0131\u015f topra\u011f\u0131, vatanda\u015f\u0131n kan\u0131yla \u0131slanmad\u0131k\u00e7a terk olunamaz”…<\/p>\n

13 Eyl\u00fclde Sakarya Meydan Muharebesi sona ermi\u015f, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n Sakarya Nehri’nin do\u011fusunda imha edilmesiyle zafer kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n emriyle 14 Eyl\u00fclde genel seferberlik ilan edildi.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fkomutan Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, 19 Eyl\u00fclde “Gazi” unvan\u0131 ve mare\u015fal r\u00fctbesini ald\u0131. Yeni y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda Mersin ve Adana d\u00fc\u015fman i\u015fgalinden kurtulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rt bir bucak T\u00fcrk topraklar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fman \u00e7izmesi alt\u0131ndaki esareti birer birer sona eriyordu. 26 A\u011fustosta saat 05.30’da top\u00e7u ate\u015fiyle Kocatepe’den B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Taarruzu ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk s\u00fcvarileri, 9 Eyl\u00fclde \u0130zmir’e girdi ve Kadifekale’ye T\u00fcrk bayra\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ekildi. Mudanya Konferans\u0131, 3 Ekim 1922’de ba\u015flad\u0131. M\u00fctareke, 11 Ekimde imzaland\u0131 ve 15 Ekimde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi. TBMM, 1 Kas\u0131mda bir devri sona erdirdi.<\/p>\n

Hilafet ve saltanat\u0131n birbirinden ayr\u0131larak, saltanat\u0131n la\u011fv\u0131na karar verilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

TBMM H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, 5 Kas\u0131m sabah\u0131 idareye el konuldu\u011funa dair Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmeti karar\u0131n\u0131 Refet Pa\u015fa arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u0130stanbul H\u00fck\u00fcmeti’ne tebli\u011f etti: “5 Kas\u0131m 1922 \u00f6\u011fle vaktinden itibaren \u0130stanbul’un idaresine el konulmu\u015ftur” Vahdettin’in halifelikten uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair \u015eeriye Vekili Vehbi Efendi, 18 Kas\u0131mda fetva \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ulusal Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 sona ermi\u015f, \u015fimdi s\u0131ra zaferin masa ba\u015f\u0131nda kazan\u0131lmas\u0131na gelmi\u015fti. Lozan Konferans\u0131, 20 Kas\u0131m 1922 tarihinde a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Konferans, 4 \u015eubatta 2 ay s\u00fcren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerden sonra kesintiye u\u011frad\u0131. Daha sonralar\u0131, milli m\u00fccadelenin kahramanlar\u0131ndan \u0130smet Pa\u015fa, yumru\u011funu masaya vurarak, istediklerini kabul ettirecek ve b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zafere imza atacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

25 A\u011fustosta itilaf kuvvetleri, Lozan Anla\u015fmas\u0131 gere\u011fince \u0130stanbul’u bo\u015faltma haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131na ba\u015flad\u0131 ve 27 Ekimde Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131 Meclis Grubu, Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda topland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ak\u015fam \u00c7ankaya’da yemek esnas\u0131nda Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, haz\u0131r bulunanlara m\u00fcjdeyi verdi: “Yar\u0131n Cumhuriyet’i ilan edece\u011fiz” Tarih 28 Ekim 1923… B\u00fct\u00fcn haz\u0131rl\u0131klar bitmi\u015f ve 29 Ekim g\u00fcn\u00fc gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa’n\u0131n Cumhuriyet kurulmas\u0131 teklifi, Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131 toplant\u0131s\u0131nda kabul edildi. Halk F\u0131rkas\u0131 toplant\u0131s\u0131ndan sonra B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi, saat 18.00’de topland\u0131 ve Kanun-u Esasi Enc\u00fcmeni taraf\u0131ndan Cumhuriyet teklifi mazbatas\u0131 haz\u0131rland\u0131.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinde Te\u015fkilat-\u0131 Esasiye Kanunu’nun baz\u0131 maddeleri de\u011fi\u015ftirildi. T\u00fcrkiye Devleti’nin h\u00fck\u00fcmet \u015feklinin Cumhuriyet oldu\u011fu “Ya\u015fas\u0131n Cumhuriyet” sesleri aras\u0131nda kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi’nde gizli oyla Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7imi yap\u0131ld\u0131. Ankara Mebusu Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, oylamaya kat\u0131lan 158 mebusun t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn oyunu alarak, T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilk Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Mustafa Kemal Pa\u015fa, ba\u015fbakanl\u0131\u011fa Malatya Mebusu \u0130smet Pa\u015fa’y\u0131 atad\u0131. \u0130smet Pa\u015fa Kabinesi kuruldu. Halk, sokaklarda ellerinde bayraklarla gen\u00e7 Cumhuriyet’i kutluyordu.<\/p>\n

Esaret sona ermi\u015f, \u015fimdi b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fccadelenin ard\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 de kolay kazan\u0131lmayan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kutlamaya s\u0131ra gelmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Can verilip, kan d\u00f6k\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, bedel \u00f6denmi\u015fti. Ancak art\u0131k sokaklarda d\u00fc\u015fman \u00e7izmelerinin sesi yoktu, sokaklar “Ya\u015fas\u0131n Cumhuriyet” sesiyle \u00e7\u0131nl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

CNN T\u00dcRK<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n

Ulu \u00d6nder Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn T\u00fcrk ulusuna arma\u011fan etti\u011fi T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin 86’nc\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6renlerle kutlanacak.<\/p>\n

30 Ekim 1918’de Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’ndan yenik \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f \u0130mparatorluk, Mondros M\u00fctarekesi’ni imzalad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir ulusu tarih sahnesinde yeniden var eden Milli Kahraman, 31 Ekim g\u00fcn\u00fc Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m Ordular\u0131 Grup Komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6reviyle karargah\u0131n bulundu\u011fu <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gundem","odd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16189"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16189\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}