{"id":131986,"date":"2025-05-21T14:49:11","date_gmt":"2025-05-21T11:49:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/?p=131986"},"modified":"2025-05-24T09:28:59","modified_gmt":"2025-05-24T06:28:59","slug":"turkiye-tekstil-kriziyle-karsi-karsiya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/?p=131986","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye, tekstil kriziyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tekstil merkezi Bursa, maliyet art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve k\u00fcresel rekabet sebebiyle yok olma tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya.
\nM\u0131s\u0131r bir rakip olarak y\u00fckselir ve m\u00fc\u015fterilerin tercihleri \u00c7in\u2019e kayarken, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki bir\u00e7ok tekstil firmas\u0131 kapan\u0131yor ya da iflas ediyor. Binlerce ki\u015fi i\u015fsiz kalma tehlikesi ya\u015farken, bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00e7o\u011fu kay\u0131td\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya k\u00f6t\u00fc ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Inside Turkey<\/a>\u2019den Pelin Akdemir\u2019in haberine g\u00f6re<\/a>, \u0130pek Yolu\u2019nun \u00f6nemli duraklar\u0131ndan biri olan Bursa, milattan \u00f6nce 550 y\u0131l\u0131 civar\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019den ilk ipek sevkiyat\u0131 geldi\u011finden beri \u00fclkenin tekstil merkezi konumunda. Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6neminde dokumac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n merkezi olan kent hala T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tekstil ruhunu yans\u0131t\u0131yor. Ancak kentteki i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00e7o\u011funu az \u00fccret kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 zor ko\u015fullarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kad\u0131nlar olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye Eyl\u00fcl 2024 itibar\u0131yla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck yedinci tekstil tedarik\u00e7isiydi. Avrupa\u2019da ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc en b\u00fcy\u00fck tedarik\u00e7i konumundayd\u0131. \u00dclkede kay\u0131tl\u0131 59,546 tekstil ve giyim \u015firketinden 4,100\u2019\u00fc Bursa\u2019da yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Enflasyon, artan enerji fiyatlar\u0131 ve kur oynakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de imalat maliyeti artarken yerli \u00fcr\u00fcnler de, \u00c7in\u2019de daha ucuz alternatif bulabilecek yabanc\u0131 al\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in cazibesini yitiriyor. T\u00fcrk \u00fcreticiler de maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu durumun sonucunda da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir iflas dalgas\u0131 olu\u015ftu. 2024 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ilk 11 ay\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck firmalar\u0131n da aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu 86 \u015firket iflas ilan etti. 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu rakam 240 kadar y\u00fcksekti. Son iki y\u0131lda 4,504 tekstil firmas\u0131 kapan\u0131rken sekt\u00f6rde istihdam da 2024\u2019\u00fcn ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda 4,000 ki\u015fi azald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hala sekt\u00f6rde bar\u0131nabilen i\u015f\u00e7iler ise g\u00fcvensiz ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda ya da kay\u0131td\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Sekt\u00f6rdeki sendikal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i oran\u0131 yaln\u0131zca %8.49 olsa da, sendikal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7ilerin s\u0131k s\u0131k i\u015flerine son veriliyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6znur Mantarc\u0131 da bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerden biri. Alt\u0131 y\u0131l boyunca bir tekstil firmas\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcn departman\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra bir sendikaya \u00fcye oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Mantarc\u0131 yaln\u0131zca 30 dakikal\u0131k bir ara almas\u0131na izin olan 7.5 saatlik mesailerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bunun fiziksel olarak ne kadar zorlay\u0131c\u0131 oldu\u011funu an\u0131ms\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u201cBen al\u0131n terimi vermi\u015fim oraya. Senin bana yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u015feye bak. Tek su\u00e7um sendikaya \u00fcye olmak,\u201d diyor Mantarc\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d6z \u0130plik-\u0130\u015f Sendikas\u0131 Bursa \u015eube Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ekrem Sara\u00e7o\u011flu da firmalar\u0131n sekt\u00f6rdeki daralmadan dolay\u0131 M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a gitti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Boyahanelerin %80\u2019inin 12 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen Sara\u00e7o\u011flu, sabah 7\u2019de evden \u00e7\u0131kan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin ak\u015fam 9\u2019da eve d\u00f6nebildi\u011fini belirtiyor. Sosyal ya\u015fant\u0131lar\u0131 yok denebilecek kadar az olan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00e7o\u011funlukla ge\u00e7inebilmek i\u00e7in Pazar g\u00fcnleri ek mesai yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor Sara\u00e7o\u011flu.<\/p>\n

Sendikaya \u00fcye olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan, haklar\u0131n\u0131 hukuki yollardan arayan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin davalar\u0131 ortalama 2 y\u0131l s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Kanun bu davalar\u0131n 2 ayda bitece\u011fini yazsa da uygulamada durum farkl\u0131. \u0130ki y\u0131l s\u00fcren dava sonucunda i\u015f\u00e7i ihbar, k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 hakk\u0131n\u0131 2 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki maa\u015f\u0131 \u00fczerinden al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin bir firmada, 16 maa\u015f hakk\u0131 kazanan i\u015f\u00e7ilerin tazminatlar\u0131 geriye d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00fccret \u00fczerinden hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015f\u00e7ilere daha az \u00f6deme yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Bir ba\u015fka firmada da 150 i\u015f\u00e7i sendika \u00fcyesi olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015ften \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin 55\u2019i yasal yollara ba\u015fvurmu\u015f ve sendikal tazminatlar\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde istihdam imkanlar\u0131 azal\u0131rken, \u00fclke ekonomisinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir istihdam krizi ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131na da dikkat \u00e7ekiyor Sara\u00e7o\u011flu.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130stihdam\u0131n yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde a\u00e7\u0131lacak bo\u015flu\u011fu dolduracak bir lokomotif sekt\u00f6r yok. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015fsizlik sorunu bizi bekliyor,\u201d diyor ve i\u015fverenlerin 2025\u2019te ko\u015fullar\u0131n daha da k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fmesini beklediklerini ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n

Bir kuma\u015f fabrikas\u0131nda tasar\u0131mc\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Burcu Morkan da dokunan kuma\u015f\u0131n metraj\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fse de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma temposunun hi\u00e7 yava\u015flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\u201cPandemiden \u00f6nce kuma\u015fta en az ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z metraj 100 metreyken \u015fu anda en fazla ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z metraj 100 metreye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131,\u201d diyor Morkan.<\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fteri tercihlerinin de de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini belirten Morkan, pandemiden sonra t\u00fcketicilerin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan ve do\u011fal elyafl\u0131 k\u0131yafetler giymeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u00d6te yandan firmalar\u0131ndan maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in fiyatlardan ve kaliteden \u00f6d\u00fcn verdi\u011fini ekliyor.<\/p>\n

\u201cBir kuma\u015f yaparken 40 kez maliyetini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek hareket etmek zorunda kal\u0131yoruz,\u201d diyor Morkan.<\/p>\n

Pazarlama sorumlusu \u00d6mer Kuru, tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde ya\u015fan\u0131lan daralmada \u00c7in\u2019in b\u00fcy\u00fck etkeni oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kuma\u015f daha y\u00fcksek maliyetle \u00fcretilirken \u00c7in\u2019de daha uygun alternatifler bulunabildi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

\u201cEnflasyon, elektrik ve do\u011falgaz fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131, bir s\u00fcr\u00fc maliyetin artmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 sekt\u00f6r durgun. Son 2 y\u0131lda y\u00fczde 50 daralma ve ihracatta azalma var,\u201d diyor Kuru.<\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ekonomist Enes \u00d6zkan ise \u00c7in tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn pandemi d\u00f6neminde \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kan kaybetti\u011fini ama kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 2023 y\u0131l\u0131nda toparlamaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>\n

\u201cFakat toparlayan \u015fey sadece \u00c7in tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fc de\u011fil \u00c7in\u2019in Ku\u015fak ve Yol projesi do\u011frultusunda G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya \u00dclkeleri Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinden ba\u015flayarak yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011frudan yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar oldu,\u201d diyor \u00d6zkan ve \u00c7in\u2019in yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mlar ile d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetler sayesinde rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7o\u011funlukla Ortado\u011fu, Rusya, Avrupa ve ABD\u2019ye ihracat yapan Nip Tekstil\u2019in sahibi \u0130hsan Pekayla da m\u00fc\u015fterilerin daha ucuz piyasalara kayd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemliyor.<\/p>\n

\u201cAsgari \u00fccret, elektrik, do\u011falgaz zamlar\u0131, faizler bizim i\u015flerimizi ciddi \u015fekilde etkiliyor,\u201d diyor Pekayla. \u201cHerkes g\u00fcn\u00fc, haftay\u0131, ay\u0131 ge\u00e7irmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Etraf\u0131m\u0131zda duyuyoruz \u00e7ekler yaz\u0131l\u0131yor, konkordatolar ilan ediliyor.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bir zamanlar 600 ki\u015finin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 fabrikalarda i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 200\u2019e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc anlat\u0131yor Pekayla. 2024\u2019\u00fcn son \u00e7eyre\u011finde ise \u00e7o\u011fu \u015firket b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar yazm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

\u201cBu \u015fekil devam ederse Nisan-May\u0131s\u2019ta daha dar ge\u00e7ece\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum,\u201d diyor Pekayla.<\/p>\n

Kaynak : kisadalga.net<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin tekstil merkezi Bursa, maliyet art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve k\u00fcresel rekabet sebebiyle yok olma tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya. M\u0131s\u0131r bir rakip olarak y\u00fckselir ve m\u00fc\u015fterilerin tercihleri \u00c7in\u2019e kayarken, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki bir\u00e7ok tekstil firmas\u0131 kapan\u0131yor ya da iflas ediyor. Binlerce ki\u015fi i\u015fsiz kalma tehlikesi ya\u015farken, bu i\u015f\u00e7ilerin \u00e7o\u011fu kay\u0131td\u0131\u015f\u0131 veya k\u00f6t\u00fc ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-131986","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ekonomi","odd"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131986","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=131986"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/131986\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=131986"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=131986"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.korhanyilmaz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=131986"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}